| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| 집에 (Jibe) |
| 때 엄마가 없었어요. (ttae eommaga eopseosseoyo.) |
| 집에 |
| 때 엄마가 없었어요. |
| 도착했을 (dochakhaesseul) |
| 도착했을 |
| 집에 도착했을 때 엄마가 없었어요. (Jibe dochakhaesseul ttae eommaga eopseosseoyo.) |
| 집에 도착했을 때 엄마가 없었어요. |
| When I arrived home, my mom wasn’t there. |
| "도착했을 때" means "when (I) arrived." |
| Because the arrival already happened, we use the past tense -았/었 + 을 때 to show that something else happened after the arrival. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| 집에 (Jibe) |
| 때 두부 좀 사 와. (ttae dubu jom sa wa.) |
| 집에 |
| 때 두부 좀 사 와. |
| 올 (ol) |
| 올 |
| 집에 올 때 두부 좀 사 와. (Jibe ol ttae dubu jom sa wa.) |
| 집에 올 때 두부 좀 사 와. |
| When you come home, please buy some tofu. |
| "올 때" means "when (you) come." |
| Since this is a general or future action, we use the plain verb stem with -(으)ㄹ 때, which becomes 올 때 for the verb 오다. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| 아침에 창문을 (Achime changmuneul) |
| 때 바람이 많이 불었어요. (ttae barami mani bureosseoyo.) |
| 아침에 창문을 |
| 때 바람이 많이 불었어요. |
| 열었을 (yeoreosseul) |
| 열었을 |
| 아침에 창문을 열었을 때 바람이 많이 불었어요. (Achime changmuneul yeoreosseul ttae barami mani bureosseoyo.) |
| 아침에 창문을 열었을 때 바람이 많이 불었어요. |
| When I opened the window in the morning, it was really windy. |
| "열었을 때" means "when I opened." |
| We use the past tense + 을 때 form to show that something else - the wind blowing - happened after opening the window. |
| Unscramble the words to make a sentence. |
| Ready? |
| 저는 (Jeoneun) |
| 저는 공부할 (Jeoneun gongbuhal) |
| 저는 공부할 때 (Jeoneun gongbuhal ttae) |
| 저는 공부할 때 항상 (Jeoneun gongbuhal ttae hangsang) |
| 저는 공부할 때 항상 노래를 (Jeoneun gongbuhal ttae hangsang noraereul) |
| 저는 공부할 때 항상 노래를 들어요. (Jeoneun gongbuhal ttae hangsang noraereul deureoyo.) |
| When I study, I always listen to music. |
| 저는 공부할 때 항상 노래를 들어요. (Jeoneun gongbuhal ttae hangsang noraereul deureoyo.) |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| 저녁을 (먹은 or 먹을) 때 항상 뉴스를 봐요. |
| Jeonyeogeul (meogeun or meogeul) ttae hangsang nyuseureul bwayo. |
| 저녁을 (먹을 or 먹은) 때 항상 뉴스를 봐요.. |
| 먹을 (meogeul) |
| 먹을 |
| 저녁을 먹을 때 항상 뉴스를 봐요. |
| Jeonyeogeul (meogeun or meogeul) ttae hangsang nyuseureul bwayo. |
| When I eat dinner, I always watch the news. |
| "먹을" is used here because we’re talking about a general habit—watching the news while eating dinner. |
| We use the form "ㄹ(을) 때" to describe actions that happen at the same time or as part of a routine. |
| "먹은" is the past form and is used when the action is already completed, so it doesn’t fit here. |
| Choose the best answer to complete the sentence. Ready? |
| 학원에 늦어서 급하게 (출발할 or 출발했을) 때 무언가 깨지는 소리를 들었어요. |
| Hagwone neujeoseo geuphage (chulbalhal or chulbalhaesseul) ttae mueonga kkaejineun sorireul deureosseoyo. |
| 학원에 늦어서 급하게 (출발할 or 출발했을) 때 무언가 깨지는 소리를 들었어요. |
| 출발할 (chulbalhal) |
| 출발할 |
| I was late for my class and left in a hurry when I heard something break. |
| 학원에 늦어서 급하게 출발할 때 무언가 깨지는 소리를 들었어요. |
| Hagwone neujeoseo geuphage (chulbalhal or chulbalhaesseul) ttae mueonga kkaejineun sorireul deureosseoyo. |
| "출발할" is correct because the person heard the sound while starting to leave. The action of leaving is happening at that moment, not something already finished. |
| So we use "출발할 때" to show an action that was in progress or about to happen. |
| Let's translate some sentences into Korean. |
| Translate "When I opened the fridge, there was nothing to eat." into Korean. |
| 냉장고를 (naengjanggoreul) - fridge |
| followed by |
| 열었을 (yeoreosseul) - opened |
| next |
| 때 (ttae) - when |
| followed by |
| 먹을 (meogeul) - to eat |
| after that |
| 게 (ge) - thing |
| next |
| 아무것도 (amugeotdo) - nothing |
| followed by |
| 없었어요 (eopseosseoyo) - there was |
| 냉장고를 열었을 때 먹을 게 아무것도 없었어요. |
| (Naengjanggoreul yeoreosseul ttae meogeul ge amugeotdo eopseosseoyo.) |
| 냉장고를 열었을 때 먹을 게 아무것도 없었어요. |
| When I opened the fridge, there was nothing to eat. |
| We use "열었을 때" because opening the fridge happened first, and realizing there was nothing to eat came after. |
| This is a good example of using the past tense + 을 때 to describe a sequence of events. |
| Translate "I listen to music when I exercise." into Korean. |
| 운동할 (undonghal) - exercise |
| followed by |
| 때 (ttae) - when |
| next |
| 음악을 (eumageul) - music |
| followed by |
| 들어요 (deureoyo) - listen |
| 운동할 때 음악을 들어요. |
| (Undonghal ttae eumageul deureoyo.) |
| 운동할 때 음악을 들어요. |
| I listen to music when I exercise. |
| We use “운동할 때” because exercising and listening to music happen at the same time. This is a good example of using the non-past verb stem + (으)ㄹ 때 to describe two actions that occur simultaneously rather than in sequence. |
| Translate "When I turned on the TV, the drama was already on." into Korean. |
| 티비를 (tibireul) - TV |
| followed by |
| 켰을 (kyeosseul) - turned on |
| next |
| 때 (ttae) - when |
| followed by |
| 드라마가 (deuramaga) - drama |
| after that |
| 이미 (imi) - already |
| next |
| 하고 (hago) - doing |
| followed by |
| 있었어요 (isseosseoyo) - was |
| 티비를 켰을 때 드라마가 이미 하고 있었어요. |
| (Tibireul kyeosseul ttae deuramaga imi hago isseosseoyo.) |
| 티비를 켰을 때 드라마가 이미 하고 있었어요. |
| When I turned on the TV, the drama was already on. |
| We use “켰을 때” because turning on the TV happened first, and realizing that the drama was already airing came after. This is a good example of using the past-tense verb stem + 았/었을 때 to show a clear sequence of events. |
| Listen to what I say. Is the sentence about events that happened one after another, or at the same time? |
| 냉장고를 열었을 때 먹을 게 아무것도 없었어요. (Naengjanggoreul yeoreosseul ttae meogeul ge amugeotdo eopseosseoyo.) |
| Listen one more time. |
| 냉장고를 열었을 때 먹을 게 아무것도 없었어요. (Naengjanggoreul yeoreosseul ttae meogeul ge amugeotdo eopseosseoyo.) |
| Did you hear, "열었을 (yeoreosseul)"? That’s the past tense form of "열다" (to open). It tells us the fridge was opened first, and then you saw there was nothing to eat. |
| So this sentence shows successive events. |
| How about...? |
| 운동할 때 음악을 들어요. (Undonghal ttae eumageul deureoyo.) |
| Let’s listen one more time. |
| 운동할 때 음악을 들어요. (Undonghal ttae eumageul deureoyo.) |
| Did you hear "운동할 (undonghal)"? This shows two things happening at the same time—you exercise and listen to music together. |
| So this is an example of concurrent actions. |
| Next... |
| 저녁을 먹을 때 항상 뉴스를 봐요. (Jeonyeogeul meogeul ttae hangsang nyuseureul bwayo.) |
| One more time. |
| 저녁을 먹을 때 항상 뉴스를 봐요. (Jeonyeogeul meogeul ttae hangsang nyuseureul bwayo.) |
| Did you hear "먹을 (meogeul)"? You’re eating dinner and watching the news at the same time. |
| So this also shows concurrent actions. |
| Next... |
| 티비를 켰을 때 드라마가 이미 하고 있었어요. (Tibireul kyeosseul ttae deuramaga imi hago isseosseoyo.) |
| One more time. |
| 티비를 켰을 때 드라마가 이미 하고 있었어요. (Tibireul kyeosseul ttae deuramaga imi hago isseosseoyo.) |
| Did you hear "켰을 (kyeosseul)"? That means you turned on the TV first, and the drama was already playing. |
| This shows successive events. |
| And... |
| 아침에 창문을 열었을 때 바람이 많이 불었어요. (Achime changmuneul yeoreosseul ttae barami mani bureosseoyo.) |
| One more time. |
| 아침에 창문을 열었을 때 바람이 많이 불었어요. (Achime changmuneul yeoreosseul ttae barami mani bureosseoyo.) |
| Did you hear ‘열었을 (yeoreosseul)’? You opened the window first, and then the wind blew in. So this is also about successive events. |
| Thank you for watching. |
| Now you know how to talk about two events happening in sequence. |
| ...and now you can move on to the next lesson in the pathway on KoreanClass101.com. |
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