Learn how to speak in the past tense using simple Korean verb endings and the construction, "someone/something which + past tense
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gyeong-eun: 안녕하세요, 경은입니다. |
| Hyunwoo: Hyonwoo here! Past tense. Uncover the Secrets of Your Past in Korean! So, what can our listeners enjoy learning today? |
| Gyeong-eun: Today we are going to talk about the past tense. 과거 시제에 대해서 이야기할 거예요. |
| Hyunwoo: The past tense? 과거 시제요? Everybody already knows about the past tense. Isn’t it too easy? |
| Gyeong-eun: No! We are going to learn something special today. |
| Hyunwoo: 오, 진짜요? |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 오늘은 특별한 거 배울 거예요. |
| Hyunwoo: 네. |
| Gyeong-eun: We are going to learn how to describe a noun with verbs that work like adjectives. |
| Hyunwoo: I see. Okay! So, where does this conversation take place? |
| Gyeong-eun: This conversation takes place in the restaurant where 진경 is working as a part-timer. |
| And this conversation is continued from the last lesson and is between |
| Gyeong-eun: 진경 and 수영. |
| Hyunwoo: The speakers are friends, therefore the speakers will be speaking intimate language, |
| Gyeong-eun: 반말 |
| Hyunwoo: 반말. Okay, let’s give it a listen! |
| DIALOGUE |
| (1)수영: 야.... 진경아... 근데... 저 남자 누구야? |
| (2)진경: 누구? |
| (3)수영: 아까 니가 오빠라고 불렀던 사람. |
| (4)진경: 아... 저 사람? 우리 사촌 오빠야. . |
| (5)수영: 진짜? 완전 잘생겼다! 나 소개시켜 줘. |
| (6)진경: 아... 그게... 그냥 다른 사람 소개시켜 줄게. |
| (7)수영: 왜? 내가 별로야? |
| (8)진경: 아... 아니.. 너 기억나? 내가 바람둥이라고 했던 사람. |
| (9)수영: 응. 소개팅 20번 했던 사람? 설마... |
| (10)진경: 응. 소개팅 20번 했던 사람이 우리 사촌 오빠야. |
| (11)수영: 아... 그래? 완전 잘생겼다. |
| (12)진경: 응. 잘생겨서 여자들한테 인기가 많아. |
| (13)수영: 음... 괜찮아. 그래도 소개시켜 줘. |
| (14)진경: 정말? 난 내 친구가 상처 받는 거 싫어. |
| (15)수영: 아. 아니야. 그냥 한번 만날게. |
| (16)진경: 그래도... |
| (17)수영: 걱정하지 마. 이번 주말에 소개팅 어때? |
| Gyeong-eun: 영어로 한 번 더 (yeongeoro han beon deo). |
| Hyunwoo: One more time, with the English. |
| (1)수영: 야.... 진경아... 근데... 저 남자 누구야? |
| Hyunwoo: Hey...Jingyeong...by the way, who's that guy over there? |
| (2)진경: 누구? |
| Hyunwoo: Who? |
| (3)수영: 아까 니가 오빠라고 불렀던 사람. |
| Hyunwoo: The person who called Oppa earlier. |
| (4)진경: 아... 저 사람? 우리 사촌 오빠야. . |
| Hyunwoo: Aha...that guy? He's my cousin. |
| (5)수영: 진짜? 완전 잘생겼다! 나 소개시켜 줘. |
| Hyunwoo: Really? He's seriously handsome! Introduce him to me. |
| (6)진경: 아... 그게... 그냥 다른 사람 소개시켜 줄게. |
| Hyunwoo: Well...the thing is...I'll just introduce someone else to you. |
| (7)수영: 왜? 내가 별로야? |
| Hyunwoo: Why? Am I not good enough for him? |
| (8)진경: 아... 아니.. 너 기억나? 내가 바람둥이라고 했던 사람. |
| Hyunwoo: Oh, no. Do you remember the person that I said was a playboy? |
| (9)수영: 응. 소개팅 20번 했던 사람? 설마... |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah, the guy who had twenty blind dates? |
| (10)진경: 응. 소개팅 20번 했던 사람이 우리 사촌 오빠야. |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah. The guy who had twenty blind dates is my cousin. |
| (11)수영: 아... 그래? 완전 잘생겼다. |
| Hyunwoo: Ah...is he? He's very handsome. |
| (12)진경: 응. 잘생겨서 여자들한테 인기가 많아. |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah. He's good-looking so he's very popular among girls. |
| (13)수영: 음... 괜찮아. 그래도 소개시켜 줘. |
| Hyunwoo: Hmm...but that's okay. Introduce him to me. |
| (14)진경: 정말? 난 내 친구가 상처 받는 거 싫어. |
| Hyunwoo: Seriously? I don't want my friend to be hurt. |
| (15)수영: 아. 아니야. 그냥 한번 만날게. |
| Hyunwoo: No, it's all right. I'll just meet him once. |
| (16)진경: 그래도... |
| Hyunwoo: But still... |
| (17)수영: 걱정하지 마. 이번 주말에 소개팅 어때? |
| Hyunwoo: Don't worry. How about a blind date this weekend? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Hyunwoo: Wow. 20 blind dates! 소개팅을 어떻게 스무 번 해요? |
| Gyeong-eun: 현우 씨 소개팅 스무 번 했을 것 같은데요? How many blind dates did you have so far? |
| Hyunwoo: Um…not too many. |
| Gyeong-eun: Like... 20? 25? 30? |
| Hyunwoo: Far less than that! I'm not as popular as this cousin of 진경. And what about yourself? 경은 씨는 소개팅 많이 해 봤을 것 같아요. |
| Gyeong-eun: 저요? 왜요? 저 소개팅 많이 해 봤을 것 같아요? |
| Hyunwoo: 네! |
| Gyeong-eun: 어, 아니에요. |
| Hyunwoo: It's just... written on your face. |
| Gyeong-eun: 아니에요. 저처럼 이렇게 순진하게 생겼는데요? |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah, you look like a 소개팅 expert. |
| Gyeong-eun: 아니에요! You need to start wearing glasses. I haven't had many blind dates. |
| Hyunwoo: So you want to go on some blind dates? |
| Gyeong-eun: 어, 조금요, haha. No, no thank you! 됐어요. |
| Hyunwoo: Okay. Let’s look at today’s vocabulary. |
| Gyeong-eun: 좋아요. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Hyunwoo: So, what’s the first word? |
| Gyeong-eun: 부르다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to call |
| Gyeong-eun: 부르다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 부르다 [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 사촌 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: cousin |
| Gyeong-eun: 사촌 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 사촌 [natural native speed] |
| : 그 다음에는: |
| Gyeong-eun: 완전 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: very, quite (slang) |
| Gyeong-eun: 완전 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 완전 [natural native speed] |
| : And?: |
| Gyeong-eun: 잘생기다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to be handsome |
| Gyeong-eun: 잘생기다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 잘생기다 [natural native speed] |
| : Followed by: |
| Gyeong-eun: 기억나다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to remember, to come to mind |
| Gyeong-eun: 기억나다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 기억나다 [natural native speed] |
| : And next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 바람둥이 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: playboy |
| Gyeong-eun: 바람둥이 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 바람둥이 [natural native speed] |
| : 그 다음에는: |
| Gyeong-eun: 소개팅 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: blind date |
| Gyeong-eun: 소개팅 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 소개팅 [natural native speed] |
| : 그리고: |
| Gyeong-eun: 설마 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: impossible, there's no way, that can't be |
| Gyeong-eun: 설마 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 설마 [natural native speed] |
| : 마지막으로: |
| Gyeong-eun: 상처 받다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to be heartbroken |
| Gyeong-eun: 상처 받다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 상처 받다 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Hyunwoo: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson, and the first word we’re going to look at is, |
| Gyeong-eun: 부르다 |
| Hyunwoo: to call . This is when you yell out and call someone's name, but at the same time, it's when you call someone something, for example, 경은, you call me 현우 씨, and I call you 경은 씨. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 현우 씨라고 불러요. |
| Hyunwoo: So it is used with the particle -라고. So 경은 씨, if I wanna tell you, Call me 오빠, I can say, 오빠라고 불러, right? |
| Gyeong-eun: No, I have to say, 누나라고 불러. |
| Hyunwoo: 하하. Okay. okay. I'll call you 누나. You’re officially older than me. |
| Gyeong-eun: 아…저희는 동갑이잖아요? No, just call me 경은. 경은이라고 부르세요. |
| Hyunwoo: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Gyeong-eun: 잘생기다 |
| Hyunwoo: to be handsome - the origin of this word is very interesting. |
| Gyeong-eun: 잘 plus 생기다 |
| Hyunwoo: 잘 means well or good, and 생기다 means to be shaped, to come into existence. So, you're made well, you’re sculptured well, and you’re put together well. And what's the opposite word? |
| Gyeong-eun: 못생기다 |
| Hyunwoo: 못생기다. So 잘생기다, to be well made, therefore to be handsome, and 못생기다 to be poorly made, therefore to be ugly. Okay, so what's the next word? |
| Gyeong-eun: 바람둥이 |
| Hyunwoo: playboy |
| Gyeong-eun: 현우 씨는 바람둥이에요. |
| Hyunwoo: I am not. |
| Gyeong-eun: 이렇게 말할 수 있죠? 저는… |
| Hyunwoo: That’s not an example sentence, right? |
| Gyeong-eun: And girls hate playboys. 여자들은 바람둥이 싫어해요. |
| Hyunwoo: I know, but I have a question. 여자들도 '바람둥이'라고 부를 수 있어요? Can you call a girl a 바람둥이, too? |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 여자들도 바람둥이라고 해요. |
| Hyunwoo: 아, 그래요? |
| Gyeong-eun: 네. |
| Hyunwoo: I thought it was usually guys who are called playboys. |
| Gyeong-eun: 그거는 남자들이 바람둥이가 훨씬 많기 때문에 그래요. |
| Hyunwoo: Why is that? |
| Gyeong-eun: 하하, 모르겠어요. |
| Hyunwoo: Oh, haha. Is it from your personal experiences? |
| Gyeong-eun: No, no way. |
| Hyunwoo: Okay, let’s move on. What's the next word? |
| Gyeong-eun: 상처 받다, or 상처를 받다 |
| Hyunwoo: to be heartbroken, to have one's feelings hurt. So, how do you say to break someone's heart, or to hurt someone's feelings? |
| Gyeong-eun: 상처 주다 or 상처를 주다 |
| Hyunwoo: So you literally give or receive 상처 - what's 상처? |
| Gyeong-eun: 상처는 아픈 곳, 다친 곳이에요. It's a wound or a scar. 현우 씨, 현우 씨는 상처를 많이 줬을 것 같아요. |
| Hyunwoo: 저요? 저처럼 착한 사람이? |
| Gyeong-eun: 현우 씨 바람둥이니까. |
| Hyunwoo: Oh, no way. 설마! Okay, time to go to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Hyunwoo: So 바람둥이 경은 씨, what's today's grammar point? |
| Gyeong-eun: 저 바람둥이 아니에요. 어쨌건 오늘 grammar point는 -았/었/였던 + noun. |
| Hyunwoo: as you know -았/었/였 (at/eot/yeot) is the basic suffix for verb conjugation for the past tense. And followed by -던 (deon), it becomes a verb ending that makes the verb an adjective that can modify the noun that follows, and this form takes the meaning of "something/someone that + past tense." So for example, using this -았/었/였던, you can say things like |
| Gyeong-eun: "a person that I liked" or " a place where I used to live" |
| Hyunwoo: For a more detailed explanation on this grammar point and how it is different from other similar verb endings, please check out today's lesson pdf, but for now, 경은, let's get into some examples. I think that'll help our listeners better. |
| Gyeong-eun: 아까 왔던 사람 |
| Hyunwoo: the person who came earlier |
| Gyeong-eun: 아까 먹었던 음식 |
| Hyunwoo: the food that I ate earlier. And how was this structure used in today's dialog? |
| Gyeong-eun: 수영이가 말했어요. “아까 니가 오빠라고 불렀던 사람.” |
| Hyunwoo: Suyeong said: "The person who called "Oppa" earlier." |
| Gyeong-eun: 진경이가 말했어요. “내가 바람둥이라고 했던 사람.” |
| Hyunwoo: Jingyeong said: "The person that I said was a playboy." |
| Gyeong-eun: 수영이가 다시 말해요. “소개팅 스무 번 했던 사람?” |
| Hyunwoo: And Suyeong also says: "Yeah, the guy who had twenty blind dates?" |
| Gyeong-eun: 진경이가 대답하죠? “소개팅 20번 했던 사람이 우리 사촌 오빠야.” |
| Hyunwoo: (Jingyeong) "The guy who had twenty blind dates is my cousin." And if you have noticed, there are two ways of saying 20 times. What are they? |
| Gyeong-eun: 이십 번 |
| Hyunwoo: And? |
| Gyeong-eun: 스무 번. |
| Hyunwoo: 스무 번, 이십 번. 네, 그럼 경은 씨, can u give use some more example sentences? For example, "the house that we used to live in"? |
| Gyeong-eun: 우리가 살았던 집 |
| Hyunwoo: Or the movie that I talked about last week? |
| Gyeong-eun: 지난 주에 내가 얘기했던 영화 |
Outro |
| Hyunwoo: Okay, I think that just about does it for today. So we’re gonna wrap it up by listening one more time to the conversation that we listened to today. |
| Gyeong-eun: 다음 시간에 봬요! |
| Hyunwoo: See you next time. |
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