Learn how to form past tense sentences using the expressions meaning "late," "to get up," and "to sleep, go to bed"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Miseon: 안녕하세요! 안녕하세요! (annyeonghaseyo! annyeonghaseyo!) KoreanClass101.com입니다. (imnida.) |
| Keith: Hey, I am Keith. Welcome to newbie series, season 4, lesson 3; Korean past tense. Why were you late in Korea? Hello and welcome to koreanclass101.com, the fastest easiest and most fun way to learn Korean. |
| Miseon: I am Miseon and thanks again for being here with us for this newbie series, season four lesson. |
| Keith: In this lesson, what are we going to learn how to say? |
| Miseon: We are going to learn how to say: Late, to get up, and to go to bed, and also do some more practice on the past tense in Korean. |
| Keith: Very, very good lesson. This conversation takes place where? |
| Miseon: 학교 (hakgyo). At school. |
| Keith: And the conversation is between? |
| Miseon: A student who is late for school, oh no, and a teacher. |
| Keith: And, the student might be me, and he is also using polite language to the teacher. |
| Miseon: The student might be me. |
| Keith: So, what is polite language again? |
| Miseon: 존댓말. (jondaenmal.) |
| Keith: And the teacher is using intimate language to the student. |
| Miseon: 반말. (banmal.) |
| Keith: Listeners, I have a question. |
| Miseon: A questions? |
| Keith: Yah, I want to know when was the last time you commented. |
| Miseon: Yes, great question. |
| Keith: Stop by KoreanClass101.com, leave us a comment or just say hi. |
| Miseon: Okay, you heard Keith. |
| Keith: Okay, let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 죄송합니다! (joesong-hamnida!) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 야, 왜 늦게 왔어? (ya, wae neutge wasseo?) |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 죄송해요. 늦게 일어났어요. (joesong-haeyo. neutge ireonasseoyo.) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 늦게 일어났어? (wae neutge ireonasseo? |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 어제 늦게 잤어요. (eoje neutge jasseoyo.) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 늦게 잤어? (wae neutge jasseo?) |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 집에 늦게 갔어요. (jib-e neutge gasseoyo.) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 집에 … (wae jib-e…) |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 선생님, 수업 시간이에요. (seonsaengnim, sueop sigan-ieyo.) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 아.... 그래? 흠... 아무튼, 늦게 오지 마! (a... geurae? hmm... amuten, neutge oji ma!) |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 네! (ne!) |
| Miseon: 한번 더 천천히 (hanbeon deo cheoncheonhi). |
| Keith: One more time, slowly. |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 죄송합니다! (joesong-hamnida!) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 야, 왜 늦게 왔어? (ya, wae neutge wasseo?) |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 죄송해요. 늦게 일어났어요. (joesong-haeyo. neutge ireonasseoyo.) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 늦게 일어났어? (wae neutge ireonasseo? |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 어제 늦게 잤어요. (eoje neutge jasseoyo.) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 늦게 잤어? (wae neutge jasseo?) |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 집에 늦게 갔어요. (jib-e neutge gasseoyo.) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 집에 … (wae jib-e…) |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 선생님, 수업 시간이에요. (seonsaengnim, sueop sigan-ieyo.) |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 아.... 그래? 흠... 아무튼, 늦게 오지 마! (a... geurae? hmm... amuten, neutge oji ma!) |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 네! (ne!) |
| Miseon: 영어로 한번더. (yeongeoro hanbeondeo.) |
| Keith: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 죄송합니다! (joesong-hamnida!) |
| Keith: I'm sorry! |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 야, 왜 늦게 왔어? (ya, wae neutge wasseo?) |
| Keith: Hey, why did you come late? |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 죄송해요. 늦게 일어났어요. (joesong-haeyo. neutge ireonasseoyo.) |
| Keith: I'm sorry. I got up late. |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 늦게 일어났어? (wae neutge ireonasseo? |
| Keith: Why did you get up late? |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 어제 늦게 잤어요. (eoje neutge jasseoyo.) |
| Keith: I went to bed late yesterday. |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 늦게 잤어? (wae neutge jasseo?) |
| Keith: Why did you go to bed late? |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 집에 늦게 갔어요. (jib-e neutge gasseoyo.) |
| Keith: I went home late. |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 왜 집에 … (wae jib-e…) |
| Keith: Why did you... |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 선생님, 수업 시간이에요. (seonsaengnim, sueop sigan-ieyo.) |
| Keith: Well, it's time for class. |
| 선생님 (seonsaengnim): 아.... 그래? 흠... 아무튼, 늦게 오지 마! (a... geurae? hmm... amuten, neutge oji ma!) |
| Keith: Oh, is it? Hmm...anyway, don't be late! |
| 학생 (haksaeng): 네! (ne!) |
| Keith: All right! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Miseon: My god, this teacher is too nice to the student, right? |
| Keith: And the student is … Um, How do you describe this kind of student? |
| Miseon: This person could be 버릇 없는 학생! (beoreut eomneun haksaeng!) |
| Keith: Ah, that’s pretty good. What’s that one more time please? |
| Miseon: 버릇 없는 학생. (beoreut eomneun haksaeng.) |
| Keith: Okay, literally that means a student who doesn’t have habits. Now that’s a literal translation, but actually it just means a rude student. |
| Miseon: Right, someone who has not the right polite etiquette is 버릇 없는 (beoreut eomneun) person. |
| Keith: Yes, if you’re rude or if you’re not so polite or you don’t have so much etiquette, what is that one more time? |
| Miseon: 버릇 없는 학생. (beoreut eomneun haksaeng.) |
| Keith: Yah, so thank you for that explanation, now let’s have a look at today’s vocabulary list and see what this rude student and soft nice teacher were saying. |
| Miseon: 네 (ne). |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: Okay, first word we have is... |
| Miseon: 왜 (wae) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: why |
| Miseon: 왜 (wae) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 왜 (wae) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 늦게 (neukke) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: late |
| Miseon: 늦게 (neukke) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 늦게 (neukke) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 오다 (oda) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: to come |
| Miseon: 오다 (oda) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 오다 (oda) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 일어나다 (ireonada) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: to get up, to wake up |
| Miseon: 일어나다 (ireonada) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 일어나다 (ireonada) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 어제 (eoje) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: yesterday |
| Miseon: 어제 (eoje) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 어제 (eoje) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 자다 (jada) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: to sleep |
| Miseon: 자다 (jada) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 자다 (jada) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 집 (jip) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: house, home |
| Miseon: 집 (jip) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 집 (jip) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 가다 (gada) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: to go |
| Miseon: 가다 (gada) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 가다 (gada) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 선생님 (seonsaengnim) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: teacher |
| Miseon: 선생님 (seonsaengnim) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 선생님 (seonsaengnim) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 수업 (sueop) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: class, lesson |
| Miseon: 수업 (sueop) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 수업 (sueop) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 시간 (sigan) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: time |
| Miseon: 시간 (sigan) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 시간 (sigan) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Miseon: 아무튼 (amuteun) [natural native speed] |
| Keith: anyway, anyhow |
| Miseon: 아무튼 (amuteun) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Miseon: 아무튼 (amuteun) [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Keith: Okay, so let’s take a deeper look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Miseon: The first word we look at is 어제 (eoje). |
| Keith: Yesterday. |
| Miseon: 어제, 어제. (eoje, eoje.) |
| Keith: Now this is a relatively easy word I think, but we want to briefly review some time words. |
| Miseon: 네 (ne). reviewing is the best way to remember things. |
| Keith: Right, so let’s do it this way. I’ll say a word in English and pause for one second, and everyone see if he knows the answer, in Korean of course. |
| Miseon: Oh, that’s a challenge. And I’ll tell you the answer afterwards. |
| Keith: Yes, it’s kind of like a review trick, so you haven’t listened, this is kind of [summer tool]. But here we are just talking about some time words. |
| Miseon: Exactly. |
| Keith: All right, so let’s get started. First we have: Today. |
| Miseon: 오늘 (oneul) |
| Keith: Tomorrow. |
| Miseon: 내일 (naeil) |
| Keith: The day after tomorrow. |
| Miseon: 모레 (more) |
| Keith: The day before yesterday. |
| Miseon: 그제 (geuje) |
| Keith: All right? Did everyone get a 100%? If you not, you fail. Just kidding. |
| Miseon: Ahhh!! |
| Keith: Just kidding kidding kidding kidding. All right, now let’s move on to our next word. |
| Miseon: 네 (ne). The next word is my favourite in today’s vocab list. |
| Keith: What is that? |
| Miseon: 아무튼 (amuteun). |
| Keith: Very very high frequency and very useful. 아무튼 (amuteun) and this means anyway, anyhow. |
| Miseon: 네 (ne), you can say this, when you want to say that you’ll do something or think in a certain way regardless of the previous discussion, or when you just don’t have anything to say in the middle of a conversation, and go back to the previous topic. |
| Keith: Like, let’s say we are talking about trains, and then you talk about movies. And I have no comments to make, and I want to talk about trains again. |
| Miseon: Yah, that’s right, then you can say 아무튼 (amuteun). |
| Keith: Yah, anyway, let’s go back to those trains. All right, thanks Miseon, and I think it’s now to go on to the focuses lesson, 아무튼 (amuteun). |
| Miseon: 네. 아무튼. (ne. amuteun.) let’s go. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Keith: Miseon, what’s the focus of this lesson? |
| Miseon: The focus of this lesson is learning how to say: Late, to get up, and to sleep, to go to bed. |
| Keith: As in the example. |
| Miseon: 늦게 일어났어요. (neutge ireonasseoyo.) |
| Keith: “I got up late.” |
| Miseon: And in this lesson also do some more practice making sentences in the past tense. |
| Keith: Making sentences in the past tense is very very useful. So first let’s go with 늦게 (neutge) first. |
| Miseon: Well, 늦게 (neutge) is an adverb that means late. In Korean adverbs are usually placed before verbs unlike in English, where most adverbs come after the verb. |
| Keith: Right, so how do you say late again? |
| Miseon: 늦게 (neutge). |
| Keith: The adverb “late”, and for example: To go late. |
| Miseon: 늦게 가다 (neutge gada) . it's not 가다 늦게. (gada neutge.) |
| Keith: Yah, that would be in English you say: Go late. But in Korean you flip it around: Late go. |
| Miseon: 네 (ne). |
| Keith: And how about “to arrive late”? |
| Miseon: 늦게 도착하다 (neutge dochakada) not not not 도착하다 늦게. (dochakada neutge.) |
| Keith: Yah, once again you flip it around in Korean. And how was this word used in the dialogue? |
| Miseon: 왜 늦게 왔어? (wae neutge wasseo?) |
| Keith: Why did you come so late? |
| Miseon: 늦게 일어났어요. (neutge ireonasseoyo.) |
| Keith: I got up late. |
| Miseon: 어제 늦게 잤어요. (eoje neutge jasseoyo.) |
| Keith: I went to bed late yesterday. |
| Miseon: 집에 늦게 갔어요. (jibe neutge gasseoyo.) |
| Keith: I went home late. |
| Miseon: 늦게 오지 마! (neutge oji ma!) |
| Keith: Don’t come late. Great job. Now the next focus for that lesson. |
| Miseon: 네 (ne), the next expression we'll learn is verb 일어나다 (ireonada). |
| Keith: 일어나다 (ireonada) |
| Miseon: 일어나다 (ireonada) means to get up or to wake up, and to make it to the past tense you can add -았어 (-asseo) at the end of verb stem. |
| Keith: So, once again what’s the verb to get up? |
| Miseon: 일어나다. (ireonada.) |
| Keith: and the verb stem? |
| Miseon: 일어나. (ireona.) |
| Keith: And what do we add for the past tense? |
| Miseon: 았어. (asseo.) |
| Keith: So it becomes. |
| Miseon: 일어났어. (ireonasseo.) |
| Keith: “I got up”, that’s the past tense. |
| Miseon: And 일어났어요 (ireonasseoyo) if you want to be more polite. |
| Keith: Right, to say 요 (yo). Now we just have one expression left. |
| Miseon: 자다 (jada) |
| Keith: 자다 (jada) |
| Miseon: 자다 (jada) that’s my favourite word. 자다 (jada) means “to sleep, to go to bed, or to get to sleep”. To make it to the past tense you can add -았어 (-asseo) at the end of the verb stem. |
| Keith: So, to sleep is: |
| Miseon: 자다. (jada.) |
| Keith: The verb stem is: |
| Miseon: 자 (ja) |
| Keith: And the past tense: |
| Miseon: 잤어 (jasseo) |
| Keith: I slept. |
| Miseon: And 잤어요 (jasseoyo) if you want to be polite as well. |
| Keith: How about: Are you still sleeping? |
| Miseon: 아직 자? (ajik ja?) or 아직 자요? (ajik jayo?) and for the more if you want to emphasis; like still, then you can also say 아직도 자요? (ajikdo jayo?) |
| Keith: All right, great job. For… good lesson for our mothers to nag their sons, and daughters. |
| Miseon: Right, that’s right. |
Outro |
| Keith: All right, well that’s going to do for that lesson, before we go we want to tell you about a way to drastically improve your pronunciation. |
| Miseon: The voice-recording tool. |
| Keith: Yes, the voice-recording tool in the premium learning centre. |
| Miseon: Record your voice with a click of a button. |
| Keith: And then play it back, just as easily. |
| Miseon: So, you record your voice and then listen to it. |
| Keith: Compare to the native speakers. |
| Miseon: And adjust your pronunciation. |
| Keith: This will help you improve your pronunciation fast. |
| All right everyone, thanks for listening, and 한국어 공부 열심히 하세요 (hangugeo gongbu yeolsimhi haseyo), study Korean hard! |
| Miseon: 네~! (ne~!) |
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