Learn how to use the Korean verb that means "to not exist"
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Intro |
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| Keith: We Don't Have Anything Warm for the Korean Winter. Thanks for being here with us for this lesson. Misun, what are we looking at in this lesson? |
| Misun: In this lesson, we are looking at shopping for clothes. |
| Keith: Okay. And this conversation takes place where? |
| Misun: At a department store. |
| Keith: Okay. And the conversation is between… |
| Misun: A customer and a worker. |
| Keith: And the speakers are strangers, therefore the speakers will be speaking in formal Korean. |
| Misun: 네, 존댓말 (ne, jondaenmal) |
| Keith: Well, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
| 손님 목도리 있어요? |
| 직원 없어요. |
| 손님 장갑 있어요? |
| 직원 없어요. |
| 손님 겨울 모자 있어요? |
| 직원 손님... 여기 하와이입니다. |
| Keith: One more time, slowly. |
| 손님 목도리 있어요? |
| 직원 없어요. |
| 손님 장갑 있어요? |
| 직원 없어요. |
| 손님 겨울 모자 있어요? |
| 직원 손님... 여기 하와이입니다. |
| Keith: One more time with the English. |
| 손님 목도리 있어요? |
| Keith: Do you have scarves? |
| 직원 없어요. |
| Keith: No, we don't. |
| 손님 장갑 있어요? |
| Keith: Do you have gloves? |
| 직원 없어요. |
| Keith: No, we don't. |
| 손님 겨울 모자 있어요? |
| Keith: Do you have winter hats? |
| 직원 손님... 여기 하와이입니다. |
| Keith: Miss, this is Hawaii. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Misun: Hawaii, wow. 너무 좋겠어요. |
| Keith: Yeah, I would love to be in Hawaii. But this person is asking for some winter clothes. Maybe she thinks this is Korea. Misun, what's winter in Korea like? |
| Misun: 너무 추워요! It’s really, really freezing out there in Korea. |
| Keith: It’s super cold. |
| Misun: I know. You know, when I was very young, I always shivered with cold all the time. I don’t know why. I’ve been layered and layered but it didn’t help. |
| Keith: Well, you know, I’m from New York, and New York can get pretty cold, too, but like Korea, no way, man. I don’t know what it is. I think it’s the mountains. There’s tons and tons of mountains in Korea, so air gets really pushed down, I guess, to… |
| Misun: Maybe. |
| Keith: …to the city sometimes, I guess. |
| Misun: Yeah, that explains it. |
| Keith: But also, I feel like when we’re in Korea, the wind is kind of like… |
| Misun: Stabbing. |
| Keith: Yeah, yeah, yeah. Really, very funny. |
| Misun: Right. |
| Keith: It is. The air…I mean, temperature-wise, it might not be that different from other places, but the air feels different there. |
| Misun: Right, right. |
| Keith: I don’t know what it is, though. |
| Misun: That’s true. And we also have lots of snow in winter. |
| Keith: Yeah. There’s definitely a lot of snow too. But what do you think about the cleaning system? I guess…does the Korean government do a good job of cleaning up the snow? |
| Misun: Well, not that I know out. |
| Keith: Yeah, that’s correct, too. So if it snows, there’s going to be a lot of snow on the street. I mean… |
| Misun: Right. |
| Keith: Not cleaned up that much. |
| Misun: Not really. Maybe some of the, like, mountain area that they should do it, but not in the urban environment. |
| Keith: Yeah. |
| Misun: Yeah. |
| Keith: I guess Korea is a great place to go if you’re a winter lover. |
| Misun: Sure. Sure. Lovely. Yeah. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: All right. Well, talking about this is making me too cold, so let’s move onto the vocabulary. |
| Misun: Sure. |
| Keith: The first word we’re going to take a look at is… |
| Misun: 목도리 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Scarf |
| Misun: 목도리 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 목도리 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Misun: 장갑 [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: Gloves. |
| Misun: 장갑 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 장갑 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Misun: 겨울 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Winter. |
| Misun: 겨울 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 겨울 [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: Next? |
| Misun: 모자 [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: Hat. |
| Misun: 모자 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 모자 [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: After that… |
| Misun: 손님 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Customer, guest. |
| Misun: 손님 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 손님 [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: And finally… |
| Misun: 하와이 [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: Hawaii. |
| Misun: 하와이 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 하와이 [natural native speed]. |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Keith: All right. Well, let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Misun: The first word/phrase we’ll look at is 목도리. |
| Keith: And that’s a scarf. |
| Misun: 목/도/리 - 목도리 |
| Keith: Okay, and this is pretty straight forward. It’s a scarf. |
| Misun: Yes, but a lot of times, Korean people will also call it a muffler. |
| Keith: Right. What's the Korean pronunciation for that? |
| Misun: 머/플/러. 머플러. |
| Keith: Or you know what, you can actually just say 스카프! |
| Misun: 그러네요. That's right. |
| Keith: So what are the three ways we can say scarf in Korean? |
| Misun: 목도리, 스카프, and 머플러. |
| Keith: Misun, which one do you hear more? |
| Misun: I hear more often either 목도리 or 스카프. |
| Keith: Really? I actually hear 머플러 more often. |
| Misun: Really? |
| Keith: I think what is, it’s older Korean people would say머플러 and the Korean that I know is from my parent’s generation, I guess. |
| Misun: Right. |
| Keith: So… |
| Misun: Or maybe, like, female just goes with the scarf much often and 머플러 goes to with the man’s scarf. |
| Keith: Really? |
| Misun: Yeah. |
| Keith: I don’t know, but… |
| Misun: I don’t know. You know, it’s really no really distinguishable, but somehow I got that kind of definition. |
| Keith: Well, in any case, all three of those are pretty much the same thing in Korean. |
| Misun: Right. |
| Keith: They all means scarf. All right, what’s our next word? |
| Misun: Our next word is 손님. |
| Keith: Customer. |
| Misun: 손/님. 손님. It can also mean a guest as well. |
| Keith: Yeah. So if you're coming over my house for dinner, I would call you a 손님. |
| Misun: 네. Not directly to your guest! |
| Keith: Right, but when I'm referring to dinner at my house, I would say, “I'm having guests at my house.” |
| Misun: 오늘 손님이 와요. |
| Keith: Yeah. And I wouldn't directly call you 손님. Directly, I would call you 미선 씨, maybe even 미선 누나 ^^ |
| Misun: Okay. Now all the listeners know I’m older than Keith. Great job, Keith. |
| Keith: Not that much older. But when I'm talking about you to other people, you would be a 손님. |
| Misun: But if you go to a store, and you're a customer, people would call you 손님 directly. |
| Keith: Right. Like in this conversation! |
| Misun: 네. The worker said 손님... 여기 하와이입니다. |
| Keith: “Customer, this is Hawaii.” Since they don't know what to call you, they'll directly call you 손님. |
| Misun: Okay. Well Keith, let's take a look at our grammar. |
| Keith: 좋아요. |
Lesson focus |
| Misun: The focus of this lesson is 없다 (eopta) |
| Keith: Okay, so 없다 (eoptda) is the verb that expresses "to not exist." |
| Misun: Don't confuse this with the negative Korean copula 아니다 (anida), |
| Keith: Right. That word means "to not be." |
| Misun: 없다 is used to express absence, or lack of possession. |
| Keith: Misun, that’s too much grammar! Come one! |
| Misun: Okay. Oops, sorry. |
| Keith: Well in this lesson, 없다 (eoptda) is used to express the lack of possession, meaning, I don't have. |
| Misun: For example, 목도리 없어요. |
| Keith: I don't have a scarf. |
| Misun: If you noticed, the object comes first. |
| Keith: Yup. And then the verb 없다. |
| Misun: But of course, you don't need an object if you know what you guys are talking about. |
| Keith: Okay. For example? |
| Misun: If you're at a store, and you're asking for some gum. |
| Keith: Okay, and if you ask for gum, everyone knows you’re talking about. You’re talking about gum. |
| Misun: So instead of gum 검 없어요, you can drop gum 검 and just to say 없어요. |
| Keith: And that means we don’t have it. Okay. So let's go over 없다, which is the dictionary form. |
| Misun: 네. In conversational Korean, you should say 없어요 |
| Keith: And if we were talking with our close friends, how do we say that casually? |
| Misun: Just drop 요 at the end. You can say 없어. |
| Keith: Okay. Can we have some examples? |
| Misun: Sure. 핸드폰 없어요. |
| Keith: I don't have a cell phone. |
| Misun: 돈이 없어요. |
| Keith: I don't have money. |
| Misun: So just remember. The object is in front |
| Keith: And the verb 없다 comes at the end. |
| Misun: Or you can just say 없어요 if everyone knows what you're talking about, all right? |
Outro |
| Keith: All right. Well, that’s just about does it for today. |
| Misun: Okay. Bye, 안녕히 계세요. |
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