Learn how to say you "have to" do something
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Keith: Don't Interrupt Me! I Have to Study Korean! The focus of this lesson is… |
| Misun: Asking how to get somewhere. |
| Keith: Yup. And the conversation takes place where? |
| Misun: On the street. |
| Keith: The conversation is between… |
| Misun: Two people. |
| Keith: All right, and they are new friends, so they will be speaking formal Korean. |
| Misun: 예. 존댓말이요. |
| Keith: All right. Well, let’s listen in to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Paul: 용인 어떻게 가요? |
| 우향 버스 타야 돼요. |
| Paul: 잠실 어떻게 가요? |
| 우향: 지하철 타야 돼요. |
| Paul: 부산 어떻게 가요? |
| 우향 기차 타야 돼요. |
| English Host: One more time, with the English. |
| Paul 용인 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: How do I go to Yong-in? |
| 우향 버스 타야 돼요. |
| Keith: You have to take the bus. |
| Paul 잠실 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: How do I go to Jamsil? |
| 우향 지하철 타야 돼요. |
| Keith: You have to take the subway. |
| Paul 부산 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: How do I go to Busan? |
| 우향 기차 타야 돼요. |
| Keith: You have to take a train. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Keith: All right, Misun, I think this is a good chance for us to talk about public transportation in Korea. |
| Misun: 네 맞아요! Many people in Korea know about subway stations in Korea. |
| Keith: Right, Korea's pretty well connected in terms of their subway, right? |
| Misun: 네. In most cities, subways are pretty easy to follow. |
| Keith: Right, you just need to take your map, take a look at your destination, see where you have to transfer, and you're off! |
| Misun: 맞아요. I think that's why many people prefer subways, because you can navigate it with yourself. |
| Keith: I agree. But from my experience in Korea, I found myself taking the bus more than the subway. |
| Misun: 네. If you're in Korea, you'll find yourself taking the bus often too! |
| Keith: Yeah. I like the bus because there's express service. |
| Misun: Yeah. And it can be faster than the subway sometimes. |
| Keith: Right. That's because if you take the subway, you might have to transfer here, transfer there, but with buses, there's so many of them, chances are you can find a direct route. |
| Misun: But of course there are some drawbacks, like traffic. |
| Keith: Or aggressive bus drivers. |
| Misun: Yeah! You got it. Many of them can be pretty aggressive. |
| Keith: Yeah. At least they'll get you there quickly and efficiently, though. All right. Well, let’s take a look at the vocab for this lesson. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Misun: 어떻게 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: How, in what way. |
| Misun: 어떻게 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 어떻게 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Misun: 가다 |
| Keith: To go. |
| Misun: 가다 |
| Keith: Next is… |
| Misun: 하철 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Subway |
| Misun: 지하철 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 지하철 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: After that… |
| Misun: 버스 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Bus. |
| Misun: 버스 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 버스 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Misun: 기차 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Train. |
| Misun: 기차 [slowly - broken down by syllable]. 기차 [natural native speed]. |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Keith: All right. Well, it’s time to take a closer look at some of the words and phrases. |
| Misun: 네. The first word we’ll look at is 어떻게. |
| Keith: How. And Misun, how did this word come out in this dialogue? |
| Misun: One example is 용인 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: I think that last part of the phrase may be useful for people who are travelling in Korea. |
| Misun: Of course. 네 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: "how do i go to..." |
| Misun: And you can add your destination in front of the phrase. |
| Keith: So if I'm vacationing in Korea, and want to ask, “how do I go to 홍대,” how do I ask that? |
| Misun: 홍대 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: So notice how the location you want to go to is in front. And then, what’s after that? What’s that phrase? |
| Misun: 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: And how else did it come out in the conversation? |
| Misun: 부산 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: How do I go to Busan? |
| Misun: 네. |
| Keith: And there’s one more example in the conversation, right? |
| Misun: 네. 잠실 어떻게 가요? |
| Keith: How do I go to Jamsil? Now we know how to ask that question, now we want to know how to understand the answer, right? |
| Misun: Lucky for our listeners, that's the focus for this lesson! |
Lesson focus |
| Misun: The focus of this lesson is -아야 되다, -어야 되다, 여야 되다. |
| Keith: Okay. And that basically translates to "you have to" or "must." |
| Misun: Yup. This grammatical construction expresses obligation in Korean. |
| Keith: Yeah. Since this lesson is for absolute beginners though, we don't want to get too much into the grammar. |
| Misun: But if you’re interested in the details, be sure to check out the lesson notes. |
| Keith: We just want everyone to become familiar with this through their ears. |
| Misun: 야 돼요. |
| Keith: Exactly. Misun, one more time. What should our listeners be listening for? |
| Misun: 야 돼요. |
| Keith: Great. Let’s go over a few examples that may be useful to our listeners. |
| Misun: 네. 좋아요. |
| Keith: So let’s say we're at a dinner, but it's getting late, and I want to say "I have to go." |
| Misun: Then, you can say, 가야 돼요. |
| Keith: And, the reason I have to go home is because "I have to study." |
| Misun: 공부해야 돼요. |
| Keith: So I’ve studied, and now I’m tired. So now, I will have to sleep. |
| Misun: Then you can say 자야 돼요. |
| Keith: So if everyone's been listening, they should have heard, what? |
| Misun: 야 돼요. |
| Keith: And once again, this means, “I have to”, or “I must.” |
| Misun: And the thing you have to do or must do comes in front. |
| Keith: That's right. The verb stem comes in front. |
| Misun: Keith, let's take a look at some examples for this dialog. |
| Keith: Sure! First he said. “To go to 용인, you have to take a bus.” |
| Misun: 버스 타야 돼요. |
| Keith: And to go to 잠실, you have to take the subway. |
| Misun: 지하철 타야 돼요. |
| Keith: And finally, to get to Busan, you have to take a train. |
| Misun: 기차 타야 돼요. |
| Keith: And just for reference, the verb used there was, what? |
| Misun: 타다. |
| Keith: And this means “to ride.” As in ride the subway or ride the bus. |
| Misun: 네 맞아요. |
| Keith: All right. I think we have to go now because, well, "I have to work tomorrow." |
| Misun: 내일 일 해야 돼요. |
Outro |
| Keith: That just about does it for today. Well, 우리 가야돼요. Bye! |
| Misun: 네 지금 가야돼요. Bye, everyone! 안녕히 계세요. |
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